With the rise of new energy power generation, various energy storage methods have emerged, such as lithium battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage (FESS), supercapacitor, superconducting magnetic energy storage, etc. FESS has attracted worldwide attention due to its advantages of high energy storage density, fast charging and discharging speed, high energy conversion rate, easy maintenance, and no environmental pollution, and has been applied i. With the rise of new energy power generation, various energy storage methods have emerged, such as lithium battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage (FESS), supercapacitor, superconducting magnetic energy storage, etc. FESS has attracted worldwide attention due to its advantages of high energy storage density, fast charging and discharging speed, high energy conversion rate, easy maintenance, and no environmental pollution, and has been applied in aerospace, military, electric power, and transportation fields. This article uses the citespace review tool to intrinsically analyze and summarize the papers published from 2010 to 2022 in the field of FESS. Relevant knowledge maps such as keywords and research hotspots that carry out FESS research were obtained. Since this technology is developing gradually ►The historical development of FESS is summarized in this article for new/existing researchers. Finally ►This paper presents the future development trend based on reviewed literatures.••Energy storage systemFlywheel energy storageMagnetic storageSupercapacitorThere is a rapid evolution of power systems globally, which has necessitated an increase in the number of transmission lines and generation units. This has increased the research interest in the discourse of optimal power systems. Also, the production of energy from fossil fuels to meet increasing energy demands, which arouses high emissions of carbon emissions, is driving the integration of renewable energy for power generation. The viability of distributed generation and renewable energy have made them optimal solutions for replacing conventional energy sources. The intermittence of renewable energy sources makes them unreliable. Renewable energy sources (RES) are periodic, which means that during energy supply, the demand might be low, however, during peak demand periods, they may not available. The seasonality of RES also creates a gap between energy demand and efficient supply.A viable solution for the challenges presented by RES is energy storage systems (EES), as they can be used for the enhancement of system quality. The applications of EES involve the storage of electrical energy, converting energy to different forms (like liquid air, heat, etc.), and releasing it in the form of electricity when needed. Different types of energy storage systems have been investigated by several authors over the years: Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES),, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES),, thermal ener. 2.1. Time distribution of literature retrievalFrom the perspective of the literature index, the number of literatures in relevant fields and the distribution of publication time can objectively reflect the research progress of the industry and academic field. On the core collection of Web of Science, there are 806 papers related to FESS from 2010 to 2022 based on the theme of “flywheel energy storage”. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that there was a slow upward trend from 2010 to 2014, and an inconsistent upward trend from 2015 to 2022. Hence, the research trend of FESS globally is generally on the rise. In addition, due to the dramatic changes in the global energy situation in the past decade, the development and exploration of new energy by governments, various institutions, and researchers around the world have also shown a rapid upward trend. As an excellent energy storage method, the research and application of FESS are still developing.2.2. Keyword visualization analysis of flywheel energy storage literatureThe development history and research content of FESS can be summarized through citespace's keyword frequency analysis. Set the time slice to 2, divide the filtered year into five time zones, set the nodes in the keyword category, a. 3.1. Energy storage, renewable energy and frequency controlWith increasing attention to energy security issues, renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation have been widely used. However, new energy is intermittent and random, which will lead to increased stability problems in the system. The energy storage system can be introduced to smoothly control the frequency of the output power of new energy power generation to improve the stability and quality of the output power. This control strategy can improve its voltage and frequency characteristics as well as the safety of new energy grid-connected power systems. It also reduces the cost and price of renewable power generation. The comparison of different energy storage methods is as follows (Table 1):Compared with other energy storage methods, FESS has advantages in various aspects, making its role in the field of new energy power generation much greater than other energy storage systems. FESS has been integrated with various renewable energy power generation designs. Gabriel Cimuca et al. proposed the use of flywheel energy storage systems to improve the power quality of wind power generation. The control effects of direct torque control (DTC) and flux-oriented control (FOC) were compared. The simulation results show that DTC is a better choice. Li Ran et al. analyzed the electromechanical interaction of the doubly-fed.
